Pulmonology Archives

Expert Opinions Health Disparities Health Diversity Health Equity Pulmonology

Dr. Isaretta Riley : Changes in Medicine since the Civil Rights Movement

One thing I will say is that the fact that I'm here as a physician,…

estherikoroNovember 13, 2023

Asthma Expert Opinions Health Disparities Health Equity Lung Cancer Pulmonology

Dr. Isaretta Riley: Health Disparities in the Pulmonary Arena

Transcript: Hi, everyone. I'm Isaretta Riley. I am an assistant professor in the division of…

estherikoroNovember 4, 2023

In a comprehensive study spanning eight countries and involving 2401 children over 2 years, four clinical case definitions for respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection were evaluated against the World Health Organization's 2015 criteria.

Immunology Pediatrics Pulmonology Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

Assessing Respiratory Syncytial Virus Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Case Definitions

In a comprehensive study spanning eight countries and involving 2401 children over 2 years, four…

MDNewsline DailyOctober 25, 2023

The assessment of droplets in the exhaled air of mild asthma patients indicated changes in surfactant protein-A and albumin after exposure to indoor ultrafine particles derived from cooking. Candle and cooking exposure are associated with mild inflammation.

Asthma Pulmonology

Effects of Exposure to Ultrafine Particles in Mild Asthma Patients

The assessment of droplets in the exhaled air of mild asthma patients indicated changes in…

MDNewsline DailySeptember 14, 2023

This study found a negative association between asthma in children and the intake of docosahexaenoic acid in the diet, particularly in male children between 5 and 12 years of age with a history of maternal smoking during the gestation period.

Asthma Pediatrics Pulmonology

The Association Between Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Asthma

This study found a negative association between asthma in children and the intake of docosahexaenoic…

MDNewsline DailySeptember 8, 2023

Systemic inflammation and vascular function were not affected by immediate airway challenges involving bronchoconstriction (methacholine) or inflammation and bronchoconstriction (mannitol) in a recent clinical trial.

Asthma Pulmonology

Airway Challenge in Asthma: Systemic Responses and Cardiovascular Risk

Systemic inflammation and vascular function were not affected by immediate airway challenges involving bronchoconstriction (methacholine)…

MDNewsline DailySeptember 8, 2023

The administration of dupilumab is associated with an increased risk of the development of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis in asthma patients with higher peripheral blood eosinophil counts.

Asthma Pulmonology

Dupilumab Effects on Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis Onset in Adult Asthma

The administration of dupilumab is associated with an increased risk of the development of eosinophilic…

MDNewsline DailySeptember 8, 2023

This study demonstrated the long-term efficacy of mepolizumab, a monoclonal interleukin-5 antibody, in reducing asthma exacerbations, steroid dependence, and nasal polyps over a 3-year period. Mepolizumab (MEP) is a monoclonal antibody that acts against interleukin (IL)-5 to control the proliferation, maturation, and activity of eosinophils. The efficacy of MEP in patients with severe asthma has been demonstrated in the literature. However, evidence related to the long-term safety and efficacy of the drug is limited. This prospective observational study aimed to investigate the effect of MEP on steroid dependence, asthma exacerbation, and nasal polyps in patients with severe asthma. The study’s findings are published in the journal Biomedicines. Participant Characteristics The study included a total of 157 patients, of whom, 80 were male. The mean age of participants was 59 (range 21–84) years. Of the total patients, 99 had chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), with a sino-nasal outcome test (SNOT-22) score of 51 ± 15. Mepolizumab and Asthma Exacerbations The exacerbations decreased from 3.9 ± 2.8 to 0.6 ± 1.2 per year following treatment with MEP during the first year. The exacerbations were further reduced during the second and third years, suggesting that the efficacy of MEP was maintained in this group of patients with severe asthma. Mepolizumab and Oral Corticosteroid Dependence Oral corticosteroid (OCS) dependence was 54% at baseline, which reduced to 21% in the first year of MEP treatment. OCS dependence was further reduced to 11% and 6% in the second and third years, respectively. Approximately 87% of OCS-dependent patients reported complete discontinuation of OCS over a period of 3 years. Lung function, as indicated by an increase in forced expiratory volume (FEV1), also improved. Mepolizumab and Asthma Control Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores significantly increased during the first year; however, the ACT scores plateaued for the remaining years. The reduction of SNOT-22 scores from baseline also indicated improved control of nasal symptoms in the study participants. Approximately 26% of patients discontinued treatment due to drug inefficacy, inefficacy in nasal symptoms, and frequent exacerbations of CRSwNP. Source: Moore, M. Z., Perez, C. A., Hutton, G. J., Patel, H., & Cuascut, F. X. (2023). Health Disparities in Multiple Sclerosis among Hispanic and Black Populations in the United States. Biomedicines, 11(4), 1227. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041227

Asthma Pulmonology

Long-Term Efficacy of Mepolizumab in Patients With Severe Asthma

This study demonstrated the long-term efficacy of mepolizumab, a monoclonal interleukin-5 antibody, in reducing asthma…

MDNewsline DailySeptember 8, 2023

Positive airway pressure treatment itself associated with less wheezing

Gastroenterology Pulmonology

Sleep Apnea Treatment Cuts Nighttime Heartburn, Respiratory Symptoms

Positive airway pressure treatment itself associated with less wheezing. Treatment with positive airway pressure (PAP)…

MDNewsline DailySeptember 6, 2023

A new study shows a significant difference in RSV-related mortality between high- and low-income population groups, which is primarily due to prevalent health disparities globally.

Immunology Pulmonology Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

RSV-Related Childhood Mortality Higher in Middle- and Low-Income Countries

Medically reviewed by Dr. Samuel Sarmiento, M.D., MPH on Oct. 5, 2023 A new study shows a…

MDNewsline DailyAugust 30, 2023

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Pulmonology

Dr. Isaretta Riley : Changes in Medicine since the Civil Rights Movement

Dr. Isaretta Riley: Health Disparities in the Pulmonary Arena

Assessing Respiratory Syncytial Virus Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Case Definitions

Effects of Exposure to Ultrafine Particles in Mild Asthma Patients

The Association Between Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Asthma

Airway Challenge in Asthma: Systemic Responses and Cardiovascular Risk

Dupilumab Effects on Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis Onset in Adult Asthma

Long-Term Efficacy of Mepolizumab in Patients With Severe Asthma

Sleep Apnea Treatment Cuts Nighttime Heartburn, Respiratory Symptoms

RSV-Related Childhood Mortality Higher in Middle- and Low-Income Countries

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