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Initial decrease seen in proportion with inappropriate prescription, followed by subsequent increase There was an initial decrease in inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions following onset of COVID-19, followed by an increase, according to a study published online April 22 in Clinical Infectious Diseases. Kao-Ping Chua, M.D., Ph.D., from the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, and...

Authors say social determinants could increase prediction ability of risk tools, particularly for Black patients Both individual- and area-level social determinants of health (SDOH) are associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, according to a study published online April 26 in JAMA Network Open. Mengying Xia, M.P.H., from Columbia University in New York City, and colleagues...

Among Asian American beneficiaries, rates higher for women, those with higher household income Rates of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) screening for osteoporosis are lower than expected for Asian American Medicare beneficiaries, according to a study published online March 9 in Skeletal Radiology. Soterios Gyftopoulos, M.D., from New York University Langone Health in New York City, and...

Optimal healthy lifestyles include never smoking, regular physical activity, adequate sleep duration, and a healthy diet Adherence to healthy lifestyles can largely overcome the genetic risk for a shorter lifespan, according to a study published online April 29 in BMJ Evidence Based Medicine. Zilong Bian, from the Zhejiang University School of Medicine in Hangzhou, China, and colleagues investigated...

Transgender women on gender-affirming hormone therapy are at risk of developing atypical presentations such as hematospermia and endometrial tissue growth in the prostate. This case study describes the development of hematospermia in a transgender woman. Key Points Hematospermia is a rare and self-limited benign condition that can be idiopathic, iatrogenic, or inflammatory in origin. The...

Despite its rarity, this case of insulin allergy in gestational diabetes mellitus highlights the importance of its prompt recognition to ensure the safety of the mother and fetus. Key Points Most hypersensitivity reactions to insulin or its additives are immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated type I reactions. These allergic reactions occur with a relatively low frequency of...

This case highlights a unique presentation of Li-Fraumeni syndrome with endocrine neoplasms not typically seen in this condition. Key Points Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is caused by inherited sequence variants in the TP53 tumor suppression gene. It is characterized by the early onset of various malignancies that are divided into six core categories: soft tissue sarcoma,...

A report of three case studies highlights the importance of evaluating for heterozygous familial hypobetalipoproteinemia in asymptomatic patients with persistent hypolipidemia. Key Points: Heterozygous familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (h-FHBL) occurs due to a loss-of-function mutation in the apolipoptrotein B (APOB) gene. The estimated prevalence of h-FHBL is 1:1000–1:3000. Individuals with h-FHBL are typically asymptomatic with only mild...

This case highlights the difficulty in identifying secondary hypertension due to pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma in end-stage renal disease due to polycystic kidney disease and emphasizes the value of high clinical suspicion. Key Points Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The prevalence of hypertension in ADPKD patients is approximately...

Collision tumors composed of craniopharyngiomas and pituitary adenomas are exceedingly rare. This case is the first report of a collision tumor consisting of a papillary craniopharyngioma and a growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma. Key Points A collision tumor consists of two or more histologically distinct tumors in the same anatomic location. Pituitary adenomas account for 10–15%...