Immunology

An analysis of microarray data demonstrated impaired apoptosis signaling pathways in CD14+ monocytes in psoriatic arthritis patients, concluding that their increased levels may play an essential role in the disease pathogenesis. Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a complex chronic inflammatory condition affecting approximately 30% of patients with psoriasis, leading to functional impairments and increased mortality risk. ...

A prospective follow-up study found that psoriatic arthritis patients with higher synovial immunohistochemical reactivity of IL-17A, DKK1, and TGF-β1 are more likely to benefit from early initiation of biologics. Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting joints and skin in patients with psoriasis. It exhibits progressive and destructive joint changes, with significant pathological...

M1 polarization of macrophages and their dynamic crosstalk with other cells, such as fibroblasts and lymphocytes, may explain the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa, providing new therapeutic strategies. Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory dermatological condition involving the perianal, axillary, inguinal, and gluteal areas of the body. The disease pathogenesis is based on the dysregulation...

A patient survey study confirms that food allergies impose a significant psychosocial burden on patients and their caregivers. Food allergies exert a substantial negative impact on the mental, emotional, and social well-being of patients and their caregivers. Patients and caregivers often experience anxiety related to food allergies.  A prospective study published in the World Allergy...

A phase II trial confirms the efficacy and safety of frexalimab and its ability to reduce disease activity in patients living with relapsing MS, with considerable benefit compared to placebo. The CD40–CD40L (CD154) costimulatory pathway, which regulates adaptive and innate immune responses, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Elevated levels of...

Bifidobacterium-dominant module and IgE levels specific to milk and casein were associated with the acquisition of sustained unresponsiveness to cow’s milk allergy in participants on oral immunotherapy in a randomized cohort study. Oral immunotherapy can improve cow’s milk allergy (CMA); however, it is challenging to maintain unresponsiveness to allergens. The gut microbiome and fecal water-soluble...

Interventions in health offerings and allergenic food management that shifted towards  Mediterranean dietary patterns were found to be effective for improving the quality of restaurant menus. In recent decades, there has been a rise in the consumption of restaurant meals, due to work, study, and leisure commitments. Restaurants can be potential targets for interventions in...

COVID-19 may alter NMOSD and MS risk and appears to be related to genetic susceptibility, a systemic review indicates. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common central nervous system (CNS) condition with axonal damage, and its pathogenesis is unclear, though much is known about its risk factors. On the other hand, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is...

The different diagnostic approaches to IgE-mediated food allergies include medical history, skin prick testing, sIgE testing, and confirmation with an oral food challenge. A review study found that overdiagnosis of food allergies can have a significant and negative impact on the psychosocial and economic well-being of patients and their families. Immunoglobulin-E (IgE)-mediated food allergies occur...