March 25, 2024

An analysis of data from the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium identified five proteins that could be targets of future drug therapies for managing progressive multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent chronic neurological disease affecting young adults, characterized by inflammatory attacks followed by progressive disability. While current therapies primarily target inflammation and relapsing...

COVID-19 may alter NMOSD and MS risk and appears to be related to genetic susceptibility, a systemic review indicates. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common central nervous system (CNS) condition with axonal damage, and its pathogenesis is unclear, though much is known about its risk factors. On the other hand, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is...

Double-negative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is a syndrome that differs from aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. It may cause both monophasic and relapsing conditions. However, it does cause severe disability. There is a need for more research to understand the unique treatment requirements of double-negative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder...

A prospective study shows that it is possible to differentiate between relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis and aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with high accuracy using MRI imaging. However, differentiating between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease using imaging methods is relatively challenging. There is a lot of overlap between clinical and...

In a phase III study, the administration of pembrolizumab with chemotherapy provided progression-free survival and overall survival benefits with a satisfactory safety profile compared to placebo in previously untreated patients with metastatic squamous non-small-cell lung cancer. The KEYNOTE-407 phase III study assessed the long-term survival outcomes in metastatic squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated...

Trastuzumab deruxtecan demonstrated an acceptable safety profile and was associated with a clinically significant objective response rate in patients with HER2-mutant metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer in a phase II study. Human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) mutations are present in a small number of non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is approved...

The different diagnostic approaches to IgE-mediated food allergies include medical history, skin prick testing, sIgE testing, and confirmation with an oral food challenge. A review study found that overdiagnosis of food allergies can have a significant and negative impact on the psychosocial and economic well-being of patients and their families. Immunoglobulin-E (IgE)-mediated food allergies occur...

Home-based double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges are effective in the diagnosis of delayed gluten or milk hypersensitivity in children, reducing the need for elimination diets, as reported in a recent trial. The management of food hypersensitivity is mainly based on the elimination or avoidance of the culprit food. Eliminating milk protein and gluten from the diets...

In a clinical trial, the immunomodulatory effects of partial egg intake altered the diagnostic performance of allergy tests. Egg allergy is one of the most common food allergies in children, with the majority of egg-allergic children being tolerable to partial egg intake in their diet. The pre-oral food challenge (pre-OFC) consumption of eggs can modify...