HIV/AIDS

This case–control study conducted in Brazil strived to identify the factors linked to antiretroviral therapy abandonment among adolescents and young individuals living with HIV/AIDS during the COVID-19 pandemic. In late 2019, the city of Wuhan, China, witnessed the initial transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, leading to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2, now commonly known as...

In a study published by the National Library of Medicine, it was found that rapid diagnosis of HIV is crucial for halting transmission from acutely infected individuals.  In the world of HIV prevention, identifying and understanding acute or early HIV infection (AEHI) is crucial for interrupting transmission chains. Knowledge about secondary infections resulting from individuals...

This study investigates the intricate relationship between HIV infection and mpox, a critical area where existing literature shows disparities in severity.  The goal of the study, published in The Lancet, was to examine clinical characteristics and outcomes of mpox in individuals living with HIV and low CD4 cell counts, specifically those with CD4 counts below...

Researchers explored the intricate relationship between HIV infection in Ethiopian women and the development of precancerous cervical lesions, addressing existing inconsistencies in the literature, with the goal of determining the true impact of HIV on the risk of precancerous cervical lesions in this population. Some studies hint at a significant link between HIV and pre-cancerous...

This study was a systematic review of evidence related to sexual transmission of HIV at varying viral load levels among serodiscordant couples. The results showed a nearly zero risk of sexual transmission of HIV when the partner living with HIV has a viral load of less than 1000 copies per mL.  A new study published...

Maintenance darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy was effective in the prevention of perinatal HIV transmission in a recent study; however, about 10% of the cases required treatment intensification. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are associated with drug-related toxicities in both fetal and neonatal stages. However, despite known toxicities, NRTIs are recommended for neonatal prophylaxis against HIV during pregnancy. ...

Opioid agonist therapy and needle and syringe programs are effective in reducing the transmission of HIV, HCV, and injecting risk behavior, according to a recent review. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is associated with injecting risk behavior in people who inject drugs (PWID). This systematic review updated an...

Microarray patches were found to be acceptable as both multipurpose prevention technology and pre-exposure prophylaxis among participants of a recent study; however, some participants expressed a preference for multipurpose prevention technology. Microarray patches (MAPs) are being developed as a multipurpose prevention technology (MPT) in order to prevent unplanned pregnancies and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection....

Sulfated endospermic nanocellulose crystals were shown to have antiviral activity by irreversibly interacting with viral particles via cross-linking, thereby inhibiting viral infections. Sulfated endospermic nanocellulose (ENC) crystals are biomaterials that have antimicrobial activity. ENC can be derived from the parenchyma of ivory nut endosperm and used against microbes after its binding capacity is enhanced by...