HIV/AIDS

A literature review found that long-acting injectable cabotegravir is effective for the prevention of HIV; however, it may increase the risk of resistance to integrase strand transfer inhibitors in individuals with infection at the initiation or during the treatment process. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) pose a significant health burden,...

Medically reviewed by Dr. Samuel Sarmiento, M.D., MPH on Oct. 4, 2023 The culturally congruent adherence intervention was associated with a significant increase in adherence, decreased medical mistrust, and reduced HIV-stigmatizing beliefs. The intervention was cost-effective and compatible with the needs of the Black population.   Black Americans with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection tend to have relatively...

Medically reviewed by Dr. Kimberly Langdon Cull, M.D. on Sept. 22, 2023 Dolutegravir produces more frequent viral suppression during delivery than current antiretroviral therapy regimens, including raltegravir and atazanavir-ritonavir. The medical literature contains limited data on the safety and efficacy of dolutegravir antiretroviral therapy (ART) versus current therapy regimens for managing human immunodeficiency virus type 1...

97.5 percent were projected to achieve virologic suppression by a median of 33 weeks Long-acting antiretroviral therapy (LA-ART) can achieve virologic suppression among people with HIV (PWH), including those with viremia, according to a study published online July 4 in the Annals of Internal Medicine. Monica Gandhi, M.D., M.P.H., from the University of California in San...

STIs and HIV tend to affect marginalized communities that can be harder to access. This study describes some features of community-based peer navigation, which can help reach these communities more effectively.  Sexually transmitted infections and HIV, in particular, affect young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men GBMSM, along with transgender women...

Although treatments for HIV have dramatically improved, disparities persist along racial lines. These are amplified when considering potential life lost. Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapies, the mortality rates of people with HIV have decreased substantially. However,  premature deaths are currently not included in these calculations. Additionally, sex and race disparities persist. Various minority groups...

Lipid mediators of inflammation exhibit altered profiles in HIV, along with an impaired response to aspirin. People with HIV (PWH) are at a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than the general population. Inflammation is an important contributor to this increased risk. Despite this, lipid inflammatory mediators and their response to aspirin have not been comprehensively...

Improvement in bone quality is observed after switching from the tenofovir disoproxil fumarate regimen to the tenofovir alafenamide regimen of antiretroviral therapy. People living with HIV (PLWH) are at a higher risk of bone fractures than the general population. As longevity improves with antiretroviral therapy (ART), fracture rates are also predicted to increase in this...

Heterosexual Black people are twenty times more likely to be diagnosed with HIV than heterosexual White people. The rates of HIV among individuals who practice homosexual sex are well-studied. However, there are limited studies on the prevalence of HIV among heterosexual individuals, which this study aimed to address. In this study, the prevalence of HIV...