Multiple Sclerosis

Relapsing multiple sclerosis patients treated with ocrelizumab show similar brain volume loss rates to healthy controls. Inflammation and neurodegeneration are the characteristic features of multiple sclerosis (MS). Disease-modifying therapies classically used to treat inflammation have also been shown to be beneficial in slowing the rate of brain volume loss (BVL) due to neurodegeneration.  Ocrelizumab, a...

Brain volume loss is independent of disease activity in multiple sclerosis and might respond to early administration of disease-modifying therapy. Neurodegeneration is a characteristic feature of multiple sclerosis (MS). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, like brain and spinal cord atrophy and MS lesion T2 volume, are associated with neurologic decline and disability. Irreversible brain volume...

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients have more pupillomotor symptoms than multiple sclerosis patients and have life-threatening autonomic dysreflexia, severe hypertension, sleep–wake cycle disturbances, and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Neurological disturbances are a hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Autonomic dysfunction is frequently present in these patients. However, due to its...

Social disparities and racism might lead to differences in disability outcomes in African American vs. White multiple sclerosis patients. Multiple sclerosis (MS) displays a more aggressive disease course in African American than in White people. Sociodemographic factors might contribute to differences in disability outcomes between the two groups by limiting access to healthcare or influencing...

Infusion of ocrelizumab at home is feasible and safe for patients with multiple sclerosis, with patients expressing greater satisfaction and preference for this method over previous infusion center experiences. Multiple sclerosis (MS) treatments frequently necessitate routine and continuous therapy for optimal treatment of the disease, including disease-modifying therapy such as ocrelizumab infusions. Ocrelizumab, a humanized...

Functional neurological symptoms are an important comorbidity in multiple sclerosis. They should be explained to the patient as they impact the quality of life and the workability of patients with multiple sclerosis. Functional neurological symptoms (FNS) are the most common cause of disabilities in neurological diseases and have been reported in 20% of patients with...

A study of three patients with multiple sclerosis undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation found that high-dose cyclophosphamide may have modulated the inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, preventing the development of COVID-19 and worsening of multiple sclerosis symptoms. Multiple sclerosis and SARS-CoV-2 infection share strong immune and inflammatory components. High-dose cyclophosphamide might reduce the inflammatory...

A recent study demonstrates the presence of Schwann cell remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) cases, including in the cerebrum, brainstem, and spinal cord, highlighting the potential for new therapeutic strategies. The study found evidence of Schwann cell remyelination in the brain and spinal cords of 6 out of 14 autopsied MS cases. Schwann cell remyelination...

A recent study explores the role of amyloidogenic evolvability in multiple sclerosis and multiple system atrophy, potentially unveiling novel intervention strategies for these chronic degenerative conditions. Multiple sclerosis and multiple system atrophy, both characterized by impaired oligodendrocytes, may share a common mechanism through amyloidogenic evolvability. The non-amyloidogenic homologue β-synuclein may modulate amyloidogenic evolvability, influencing the...