Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Patients with NMOSD can exhibit different relapse symptoms but there is no consistent standard for measuring relapse severity, leading to inconsistent treatment. Among patients with NMOSD, many can experience relapse symptoms of varying severity and frequency. Additionally, stable patients can experience differing levels of disability and visual acuity. These can vary depending on many factors,...

Plasmapheresis is a safe and effective treatment option for elderly patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder during attacks. NMOSD is an autoimmune disorder that causes cycles of escalating relapse. With an increasing rate of diagnosis in the elderly, therapeutic decision-making becomes more challenging due to multiple comorbidities and the high risk of drug-induced side effects....

The accuracy of distinguishing relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis from aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease can be achieved with high precision using cortical lesions, central vein sign, and optic nerve markers. When serologic testing for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein...

Advancements in understanding NMOSD have led to the discovery of new targeted therapies in the past 20 years, but managing the condition still presents significant challenges. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease (NMOSD) is a severe form of multiple sclerosis (MS) that damages the spinal cord and optic nerve. NMOSD presents unique short- and long-term management difficulties....

NMOSD imposes a significant burden on patients, carers, and healthcare systems. This study found reduced health utilities, high costs of informal care, and reduced work capacity for patients with NMOSD and their carers. A unique autoimmune condition known as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) affects the central nervous system and causes inflammation of the optic...

Tocilizumab is considered safe and effective for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients who do not respond to other immunosuppressants. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is described as an immune-mediated inflammatory disorder that involves the B lymphocytes, astrocytes, anti-aquaporin 4 (anti-AQP4) antibodies, and inflammatory mediators in the central nervous system. This observational study, published in the...

Cognitive impairment is common and associated with decreased quality of life and increased symptom severity in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare disease that can variably impact cognitive abilities, but there is little understanding of how this relates to various patient characteristics. A study published in the...

Patients with NMOSD who develop the condition at a later age are at a higher risk of experiencing severe symptoms. An inflammatory condition of the central nervous system known as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is characterized by recurrent episodes of optic neuritis (ON) and longitudinally widespread transverse myelitis. Patients with NMOSD who have an...

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients have elevated plasma C5a and inflammatory cytokine levels during remission periods. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in inflammation of specific brain regions, optic nerve, and spinal cord. NMSOD patients have increased complement component C5a and associated inflammatory...